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Slide #1. MAYR <BR>DOBZHANSKY <BR>BUSH: Slide #2. Speciation <BR> holistic, integrative and <BR>synthetic science Slide #3. Allopatry & introgression may act in conjunction <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR>with host shifts to facilitate sympatric speciation Slide #4. Bio- and Phylogeography of Sympatric <BR>Speciation in Rhagoletis pomonella Slide #5. 1. Sympatry, Host Shifts, <BR> and Adaptive Radiation Slide #6. Rhagoletis pomonella <BR>recent shift from hawthorn to apple <BR>is a model for sympatric host race formation in phytophagous insects <BR> Slide #7. Ancestral <BR>R. pomonella Slide #8. 2. Host Fruiting Phenology, <BR> Diapause, and Eclosion Slide #9. Phenological Difference in Host Fruiting Time <BR>Mirrored in Difference in Adult Eclosion of Flies Slide #10. Dogwood Fly Slide #11. 3. Allozymes & Inversions Slide #12. Genetic Differentiation between Apple and Hawthorn Flies Slide #13. Evidence for Inversion Polymorphism Slide #14. 4. Genetic Correlates: Host <BR> Diapause & Geography Slide #15. Unify Ecology <BR>and Genetics Slide #16. Unify Genetics <BR>and Geography Slide #17. Allele frequency differences host races 6 loci <BR> <BR> Map to 3 regions of genome <BR> <BR> Regions subsumed by inversion polymorphism <BR> <BR> Associated host-related diapause adaptation <BR> <BR> Generates reproductive isolation <BR> <BR> Latitudinal frequency clines (genes & phenotype) <BR> <BR> Host-related divergence overlaid on broader <BR> geographic pattern of differentiation Slide #18. 5. Allopatry & Introgression Slide #19. Questions: Slide #20. -2 Slide #21. Distribution of R. pomonella Collecting Sites Slide #22. Tests of Departure from Molecular Clock Slide #23. TX Slide #24. R. suavis Slide #25. R. suavis Slide #26. R. suavis Slide #27. R. pomonella <BR>group gene <BR>trees for <BR>nuclear <BR>loci within <BR>3 inverted <BR>regions of genome <BR>and mtDNA Slide #28. Inversions <BR> arose and <BR> differentially <BR> fixed in Pops. Slide #29. Northern <BR>Population Slide #30. Northern <BR>Population Slide #31. Northern <BR>Population Slide #32. Clines impart genetic <BR>life-history variation <BR>facilitating host shifts <BR>& sympatric radiation <BR>of sibling species & races <BR>in northern population Slide #33. Inversions vanguard of introgression Slide #34. M Slide #35. NY4<003> Slide #36. P2620 (chrome 5) P3060 (unknown) Slide #37. US MX R. elect Slide #38. Shallow Intermediate Deep Slide #39. <BR> Slide #40. Mohamed Noor Slide #41. Certain inversions introgressed in past. <BR> Established secondary clines that later <BR> contributed to sympatric host shifts. <BR> <BR> Inversions less prone to introgression compared <BR> to other genomic regions (at least recently). <BR> <BR> Inversions may have accumulated other genetic <BR> differences retarding gene flow during periods <BR> of separation of U.S. and Mexican populations. Slide #42. Altiplano Slide #43. Sierra population a conduit for gene flow between <BR>Highland and Northern fly populations? Slide #44. Crataegus mexicana Slide #45. Crataegus rosei rosei Slide #46. Crataegus rosei parrayana Slide #47. Sierra / Altiplano Transition Slide #48. Eclosion Curves for Mexican Populations Slide #49. Mexico US Slide #50. Geographic <BR>subdivision Slide #51. Slide #52. Unify Ecology <BR>and Genetics Slide #53. Slide 53 Slide #54. Slide 54 Slide #55. MC<350> Slide #56. 1500 Slide #57. 0 Slide #58. Chrom. 1-3 0 9 3 6 <BR>Not Chrom. 1-3 4 2 6 0